In order to make strategic plans for the sake of both individuals and institutions; being able to make a projection for the future, even if we do not mean to make predictions, but being able to foresee what will happen, is of great importance.

Although there are various sources on this subject, the most successful source that summarizes all scientific developments from history till the present day and can predict future technological changes, can be the book of Japanese-American theoretical physicist Michio Kaku, who holds the title of Henry Semat Professor of theoretical physics at the City College of New York. His book is called “The Future of Humanity.”

His prediction for the most recent future is a “super strong but light weight, carbon-based nano-technological” material that is thought to be used in many industries. Since we do not have any data on the effects of this material on human health and the environment, without commenting on this matter, firstly, we aim to share a summary of the technological and scientific developments that have already happened from the past till the present, and then we will make a detailed technical report of this nanotechnological material and its features to our stakeholders working in different sectors and wondering about the future like us:

In the 1st Wave of Science, with the Industrial Revolution, 19th century physicists developed the theory of mechanics and thermodynamics, and mechanical engineers invented the steam engine.

In the 2nd Wave of Science, with the Electric Age, 20th century physicists developed TV and radar technology by mastering the laws of electricity and magnetism.

In the 3rd Wave of Science, 21st century quantum physicists developed today’s transistor and laser technologies, and invented supercomputers, modern telecommunications, Internet, GPS, and mini-chips.

In the 4th Wave of Science, the next 22nd Century of Technology, the development of bio-technology, artificial intelligence and nano-technology is envisioned. It is intended to establish a permanent base on the Moon and colonize Mars, Saturn and Jupiter. Self-replicating robots, bio-engineered crops and nanotechnological materials are planned to be used in this process.

In the 5th Wave of Science, moving beyond Solar System, and Interstellar Travel is intended. The development of Nano Ships, Laser Sails, Ramjet Fusion Machines and Anti-matter Engines is envisaged.

In the 6th Wave of Science, modifying our bodies for interstellar travel, stopping aging process, even achieving immortality, engineering our bodies for adapting different planets are intended. It is also subject to curiosity to see what will happen in case if we meet the other advanced civilizations and if the Earth collapses.

If we come back to the most recent future time period, we can discover that the aforementioned nano-technological material is called Graphene in many sources, today. Being Carbon-based, 98% transparent, very good conductor and 200 times stronger than steel due to its strong covalent bonds, and 1000 times lighter than paper, this material is planned to be used in electronics, cameras and telescopes, solar panels, chips, as graphene batteries in phones, computers, even in water filters and construction industry. However, since it can not be integrated into silicon-based circuits yet, still it needs to be improved.

We hope it will be useful for our friends who like to make strategies for future in different sectors and are curious about the future like us.